(1) the type of leakage:
Since Water Leakage itself waterproof design of concrete in practical engineering because of the structure and construction of the complex, such as steel intensive, foundation settlement difference, the aggregate amount of mud, labor mobility is not strong sense of responsibility and other reasons, the waterproof concrete itself may also have leakage phenomenon. Therefore, the high water level area of the design of the best basement waterproofing.
Steel formwork floor caused by infiltration Water Leakage: exterior wall panels in the floor as a template, buried formwork steel, after construction on the floor surface of cutting steel, because no reinforced protective layer, the formation of chemical corrosion, resulting in serious water seepage.
The honeycomb, surface voids, channel hole untreated completely cause leakage due to vibration of concrete is not dense, honeycomb, surface voids, groove hole and processing, not loose concrete with the same proportion of no rejection of fine stone concrete admixture of the repair mortar plastering mortar, and not dense, lead to loose concrete leakage.
The wall and the bottom plate at the junction of Water Leakage: at the foot of the wall and the surrounding part is wet, dripping phenomenon at the junction with the ground, the two junction point Water Leakage. Analysis of the cause of leakage is due to vibration, the next step of concrete, a step plate and wall vibration has finished 20 ~ 30 cm high concrete affected by vibration, the concrete vibrator is not dense, in addition, the wall of concrete in the template support without sinking, and the concrete floor vibration is sinking. Crack in the wall. At the same time, the stress is too concentrated, maintenance is not timely but also easy to cause cracking caused by leakage. Therefore, the vibration of lower floor concrete, not vibrating rod inserted into the upper part of the concrete and two step concrete junction, leaving a certain distance, and the vibrator should be larger than the amplitude distance, avoid vibration concrete floor and wall have been finished again by vibration; pouring concrete should be poured in a high wall after the initial set of concrete floor, and vibrators do not insert floor in concrete has been the beginning of coagulation.
The protective layer thickness is not caused by leakage: reinforced protective layer outside the groundwater through the very thin outer side plate into the floor around the reinforcement corrosion, make concrete cracks along the reinforcement direction, water seepage, to the underground chamber. It is suggested that design the basement floor, wall, lateral lateral reinforcement protection layer should be strictly according to the standard set up protective layer and properly thickened, construction lofting and processing, steel banding shall be taken to avoid negative difference, because inflation caused almost no reinforced protective layer.
Water Leakage improper wall formwork bolt treatment method: exterior wall bolt sealing plate welding is not tight, or through wall bolts on the outer wall surface of cutting head is longer, the external plastering mortar failed to be reinforced the strict, especially reinforced head plaster layer, waterproof waterproof layer formed when worn, chemical corrosion in groundwater. Under the direction of the inner wall and the corrosion caused by Water Leakage.
Settlement joint waterstop deviation caused by Water Leakage: Water Leakage settlement joint is relatively common, due to cracks in the rubber sealing tape is not easy fixation, often Paowei pouring concrete, some serious moves, especially the top and bottom waterstop often fell to the bottom bar. The level of the waterstop below the concrete is not easy to be dense, often forming groove hole, honeycomb, pitted etc.. Therefore, in the construction of steel skeleton will be welded waterstop fixation at the exact position, to the level below the waterstop concrete compacting, then fixed water stop.
The concrete debris caused by leakage: wedges, wood, wood, bricks, polystyrene board, bags and other debris in the concrete due to the leakage, must be close to the inner wall of 10CM within the scope of the debris removed, can also be through the high pressure burner burned clean after plugging.
External walls of reinforced intensive areas of leakage: the junction of the outer wall and corner roof reinforcement concentrated area leaking, the reason is that these parts of the space is small, pouring difficult, concrete is not easy to close grained, resulting in leakage. The application of iron or steel wedge wedge will be temporarily separated, and then pouring concrete, the best use of pisolite concrete pouring, and sent staff management.
Exterior wall waterproof unreasonable formation leakage: the outer walls of the waterproof coating before, must first wipe cement mortar layer, and the flattening of light pressure. Because there are more concrete surface after the removal of water, if the direct waterproof coating, coating surface will also form many holes, this is the root cause of the basement Water Leakage. In addition if although wiping leveling layer, but does not catch the flat light, do waterproof coating coating will cause uneven surface with holes. Backfill gravel, because deep foundation must use the string tube, not directly to the car overturned pits, lest smashed the protective layer and the waterproof layer of gravel.
Steel pipe joints lax formation leakage: concrete buried pipelines, pipelines and other telecommunications lighting, because the steel pipe joint roughness is not tight, groundwater into the concrete, from the steel pipe joint into the tube, from the inside to the indoor wall junction box Water Leakage, around or along the pipe to the indoor water seepage.
After the pouring water leakage: after pouring concrete and pre cast concrete joints, due to the pre cast concrete running slurry does not close the formation of water leakage.
Water Leakage: exterior wall construction joint horizontal construction joint plate buried waterstop generally do not leak water seepage, and vertical construction joint of steel water stop strip will Water Leakage, due to water seepage, vertical formwork construction joints when the end is not easy to seal, especially with 2 layers of steel net plugging, often run pulp, leaving only a small amount of gravel and cement slurry, the formation of similar foam concrete, not anti leak. Therefore, the position of formwork should be used for wood or bamboo template tight closure.
(two) plugging method
1 reasons for the success of plugging: a lot of plugging materials and waterproof material technical performance is not known, do not attach importance to the research of waterproof technology, domestic waterproof plugging material is mostly not cross the border. The construction does not find the leakage point, Water Leakage waterline; see the seam is Water Leakage perforation drilling grouting; wall seepage is full see